Some Network Troubleshooting Tips- Part: 2

• TRACERT

TRACERT in Windows (TRACEROUTE in Unix) is short for “trace route”.
This basically is a trace of the route that a communication between two
computers takes.

TRACERT is used to test a lag in communication or the point of network failure
on a network (Intranet or Internet) that is causing poor to no connection between
two computers. TRACERT sends pings to each of the computers along a route
and responds with that data on each “hop”.

If at one point during the trace all responses stop, it can help identify the source
of network connectivity issues and whether they are caused by internal or
external network conditions. For example, if an Internet Service Provider’s
Router is not responding, the network issues are external.
Usage of TRACERT

H:\>tracert
Usage: tracert [-d] [-h maximum_hops] [-j host-list] [-w timeout] target_name
Options:
-d Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.
-h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target.
-j host-list Loose source route along host-list.
-w timeout Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.
Example:
In the examples below, all bold text represents what is typed in at the command
prompt. All italicized text represents what displays in response to what was just
typed.
NOTE An asterisk (*) indicates that there was no response for that PING. It is not
uncommon to see one asterisk on a “hop”.

H:\>tracert 216.239.57.99
Tracing route to 216.239.57.99 over a maximum of 30 hops
1 <10 ms <10 ms <10 ms 10.4.3.2
2 <10 ms <10 ms <10 ms internal.server.com [10.4.3.3]
3 <10 ms 16 ms <10 ms 204.50.32.34

4 <10 ms <10 ms <10 ms 192.168.12.13
5 31 ms <10 ms <10 ms internal2.server.com [10.4.4.2]
6 <10 ms 16 ms <10 ms internal3.server.com [10.5.3.2]
7 <10 ms <10 ms <10 ms 209.139.215.62
8 <10 ms <10 ms 16 ms 216.18.26.29
9 <10 ms <10 ms <10 ms ge4-1.wanb-vancbc.ip.grouptelecom.net
216.18.31.133]
10 <10 ms 15 ms <10 ms ge3-0.peera-sttlwa.ip.grouptelecom.net
[66.59.190.14]
11 16 ms <10 ms 16 ms bpr2-so-5-0-0.seattleswitchdesign.cw.net
[208.173.50.73]
12 <10 ms 15 ms 16 ms acr2-so-6-0-0.seattle.cw.net [208.172.81.186]
13 32 ms 15 ms 32 ms dcr1-loopback.santaclara.cw.net [208.172.146.99]
14 31 ms 31 ms 16 ms bhr1-pos-0-0.santaclarasc5.cw.net
[208.172.156.74]
15 15 ms 32 ms 31 ms csr21-ve243.santaclarasc4.cw.net [216.34.3.11]
16 31 ms 31 ms 31 ms google-exodus.exodus.net [64.41.147.62]
17 31 ms * 15 ms 216.239.49.2
18 31 ms 15 ms 32 ms 216.239.57.99
Trace complete.

Note that the trace goes through each component on the network until it reaches
its destination. Three PING response times are given for each “hop” on the
route that are show in milliseconds.

Some Network Troubleshooting Tips- Part: 1

• PING

PING is used to test network connectivity response between two computers on a
network.

You can think of a PING command like submarines and naval ships that send a
“ping” sound to determine the distance between objects based on the amount of
time it takes to receive a response.

PING sends a packet in the form of an Internet Control Message Protocol
(ICMP) packet.

The most important aspect of PING is the fact that it shows whether there is a
response from a target computer. In this way you can determine if network
communication is possible between two computers.

• This example shows a PING to the IP address 216.239.57.99 in which the
target computer responds.

H:\>ping 216.239.57.99
Pinging 216.239.57.99 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 216.239.57.99: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=46
Reply from 216.239.57.99: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=46
Reply from 216.239.57.99: bytes=32 time=15ms TTL=46
Reply from 216.239.57.99: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=46
Ping statistics for 216.239.57.99:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 15ms, Maximum = 31ms, Average = 27ms

Some further information about the above example:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss)

Packet loss is the loss of data that was sent during a ping. It is not uncommon to see a 25% loss in the case of only pinging four times. However a 75% loss indicates communication issues that are usually physical on the network such as cabling and switches.

Make your PC Faster with Windows XP

We may use some tricks of WinXp to make it faster:

• Right Click on My Computer --> Properties --> Click on Advance Tab --> Settings (under Performance) --> Visual Effects --> Click on Adjust for Best Performance --> Now Click on custom and enable (Tick on Smooth edges of Screen Fonts, Use Common Task in Folders & Use Visual Styles on Windows and buttons)--> Now Click on OK --> Now Goto System Restore Tab --> Click on Turn off System Restore on All Drives --> Click on Automatice Updates Tab --> Turn off Automatic Updates --> Click on Remote Tab --> Now uncheck the Allow Remote Assistance & Allow users to connect remotely to this computer --> Lastly Click OK to exist from the dialogue box
  

• Now Click Start Menu --> Run --> Type msconfig --> Click on Selective Startup --> Now Click on Start up Tab --> Uncheck all the option except Antivirus option --> OK

• Click Start Menu --> Run --> Type %temp% --> Here all file may be deleted to regain space

• Right Click on My Computer --> Properties --> Click on Advance Tab --> Settings (Under performance) --> Advance --> Now Click on Advanced Tab --> Click on Change (Under Virtual Memory) --> Click on Custom Size --> Now Set the Value: Initial Size:1300 and Maximum Size: 1500 --> click on Set --> OK --> OK --> Close the dialogue box
  

How to use edge/zoom modem to share multiple PCs

First We need to establish LAN Connection by HUB or Switch:

Then setup Home or Small Office network Setup with the following command:

Go to My Computer --> My Network Places --> Click set up a home or small office network ---> then complete set up

Now we need to configure IP Address of the computers: ( If configured previously then skip this step)


First configure the PC where the modem is connected.

• For this go to My Computer --> My Network Places --> View Network Connection --> Now right click on Edge/Zoom--> Properties --> Advanced --> Click on allow other network users to connect through this computer's internet connection --> OK.

• It will convert IP Address to 192.168.0.1 but now we will change our IP address by doing the following.

• Again go to My Computer --> My Network Places --> View Network Connection -->Then Right click on Local Area Connection --> Properties --> Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) --> Click Properties --> Click on Use the following IP address --> Now use Class C level IP Address (for example, 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.175.15 etc.) the first three octate that is 192.168.0 or 192.168.175 must be same for the all pc under same network, otherwise it won't work and the last octate/number must be different for all the PC in the same network --> Now subnet mask will be added automatically, if not, then write here 255.255.255.0

Now the proxy server , i.e. where the edge/zoom modem is connected is completed.

Now we will configure the PC which will share this internet connection:

• go to My Computer --> My Network Places --> View Network Connection -->Then Right click on Local Area Connection --> Properties --> Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) --> Click Properties --> Click on Use the following IP address --> Now write IP Address (for example, 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.175.15 etc.) the first three octate that is 192.168.0 or 192.168.175 must be same for the all pc under same network, otherwise it won't work and the last octate/number must be different for all the PC in the same network --> Now subnet mask will be added automatically, if not, then write here 255.255.255.0 --> Now default gateway and Preferred DNS server will be the IP Address of the Zoom/edge connected PC's IP address (i.e. 192.168.0.1 or your previous choice) -->Now Click OK
  

The all steps has been completed. You can now browse from this computer by Internet Explorer or Firefox browser. Try it.

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Recover GRUB after reinstall windows

Boot using a Live CD or Installation CD.

mount your linux partition. Chroot, mount /proc and give the grub specific command to overwrite or update the mbr or where you want.

like my Linux root in /dev/sda4

after boot with the Live CD

#mkdir /mnt/lin (create a folder to use as a mount point)
#mount /dev/sda4 /mnt/lin
#chroot /mnt/lin
# mount /proc
#grub-install /dev/sda
or
#update-grub

the update-grub and grub-install command will work of Debian, Ubuntu and Debian based distro. If your are using other distribution. Read their grub policy and command. Here chroot will enable you to access the existing Linux system using the live CD kernel.

note: If you use normal Installation CD to recover grub then you might need to give the path known by the kernel. Like then you may need to use ../disc0/part4/ etc instead of /dev/hda6. You can find the exact path by execution a script called os-prober that generally comes with the installation CD of Debian.

Posted by salahuddin66 at 12:04 AM

Another Solution from
http://apcmag.com/how_to_dual_boot_linux_and_windows_xp_linux_installed_first.htm?page=5
How to dual-boot Windows XP and Linux. (Now updated for XP SP 3 and Ubuntu 8.04.)

Once XP has been installed, it will boot happily into XP but there's no sign of Ubuntu. To reinstate GRUB as the system bootloader it needs to be reinstalled into the MBR.

Boot the system from the Ubuntu Live CD and select "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer".

Open a Terminal session - Applications, Accessories, Terminal

To enter the GRUB configuration mode, type in "sudo grub" and press Enter. Then type in the following commands in sequence:
- root (hd0,0) - it may be (sd0,0) for SCSI device
- setup (hd0)
- quit
- exit

Reboot the system. You'll get the GRUB bootloader but Vista won't be an option - we need to add this to the boot options.

Boot into Ubuntu and open up another Terminal session. Then, type in sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

Scroll down to the bottom of the file and type in the following text strings:

title Windows XP
root (hd0,1)
makeactive
chainloader +1

Save the file and reboot. When the GRUB loader launches hit ESC for the boot menu. Windows XP is the last option - select it and XP will load.

If you want to make the GRUB menu always available, boot back into Ubuntu and edit the MENU.LST file. Find the hiddenmenu text string and change it to #hiddenmenu.

To increase the menu timeout, change the default timeout 3 to something more appropriate.

How To Manage & backup Profiles in Thunderbird

Mozilla Thunderbird stores all your personal settings, such as your mail, passwords and extensions, in a profile. The profile is stored on your hard drive in a profile folder.

If you run into problems using Thunderbird (e.g. problems starting after installing an extension, or other features not functioning properly), the first thing you're usually asked to do in the tech support forum is to create a new profile. This tutorial will not only show you how to do that, but also how to create backups and move or restore existing profiles.

Contents

• Locate your profile folder
• Create a new profile
• Backing up your profile
• Move an existing profile or restore a backed up profile

Locate your profile folder

Knowing where your profile folder is stored can be useful if, for example, you want to make a backup of your personal data.

• On Windows Vista/XP/2000, the path is usually %AppData%\Thunderbird\Profiles\xxxxxxxx.default\, where xxxxxxxx is a random string of 8 characters. Just browse to C:\Documents and Settings\[User Name]\Application Data\Thunderbird\Profiles\ on Windows XP/2000 or C:\users\[User Name]\AppData\Roaming\Thunderbird\Profiles\ on Windows Vista, and the rest should be obvious.
• On Windows 95/98/Me, the path is usually C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Mozilla\Thunderbird\Profiles\xxxxxxxx.default\
• On Linux, the path is usually ~/.thunderbird/xxxxxxxx.default/
• On Mac OS X, the path is usually ~/Library/Thunderbird/Profiles/xxxxxxxx.default/

%AppData% is a shorthand for the Application Data path on Windows 2000/XP/Vista. To use it, click Start > Run... (use the search box on Vista), enter %AppData% and press Enter. You will be taken to the "real" folder, which is normally C:\Documents and Settings\[User Name]\Application Data on Windows XP/2000, C:\users\[User Name]\AppData\Roaming on Windows Vista.

Create a new profile

The screenshots are from Firefox, but the appearance is the same in Thunderbird.

In order to create a new profile, you use the Profile Manager. To start the Profile Manager in Windows, follow these steps:

1. Close Thunderbird completely (select File > Exit from the main menu of Thunderbird).
2. Select Start > Run... from the Windows Start menu (use the search box on Vista).
3. Enter thunderbird.exe -ProfileManager and press OK.

On Mac OS X, hold down the Option key and double click the Thunderbird icon.

On Linux, start Thunderbird with the the -profilemanager switch, e.g. ./thunderbird -ProfileManager (this assumes that you're in the Thunderbird directory).

You should now see the Profile Manager window, shown in the screenshot to the right.

From the Profile Manager you are also able to remove and rename profiles.

Click on the Create Profile... button to start the Create Profile Wizard. Click Next and enter the name of the profile, e.g. your name or something descriptive.

You can also choose where on the disk you want the profile to be stored, which is useful if you plan on exporting your settings to another computer or setup in the future.

Finally, click Finish to have Thunderbird create the new profile.

You should now be taken back to the Profile Manager and the newly created profile should be listed. Select it and click Start Thunderbird. That's it!

You are now running Thunderbird with the new profile, which means all settings are reset to default. If you want to switch back to your old profile, just start the Profile Manager again (instructions above) and select the old profile.

You can also have Thunderbird start a selected profile automatically, so you don't have to pick one each time the browser is launched. Do this by checking the Don't ask at startup option.

Backing up your profile

Backing up your profile folder in Thunderbird is easy. Just follow these steps (which assumes you know how to manage files on your computer):

1. Shut down Thunderbird completely (File > Exit).
2. Make a copy of your profile folder to, for example, a CD-RW disc or a separate hard disk for backup purposes.

Move an existing profile or restore a backed up profile

It's possible to move the location of a profile folder. This could be useful if you have a backed up profile folder somewhere on your hard drive and want to tell Thunderbird to use that as your profile. This section explains how to do this.

1. Shut down Thunderbird completely (File > Exit).
2. Move the profile folder to the desired location. For example, on Windows XP, move the profile from C:\Documents and Settings\[username]\Application Data\Thunderbird\Profiles\xxxxxxxx.default to D:\Stuff\MyMailProfile. If you are reading these instructions because you want to restore a previously backed up profile, this step isn't necessary. Just note the current location of the profile you want to restore.
3. Open up profiles.ini in a text editor. The file is located in the application data folder for Thunderbird:
   • On Windows Vista/XP/2000, the path is %AppData%\Thunderbird\
   • On Windows 95/98/Me, the path is usually C:\WINDOWS\Application Data\Thunderbird\
   • On Linux, the path is ~/.thunderbird/
   • On Mac OS X, the path is ~/Library/Application Support/Thunderbird/
4. In profiles.ini, locate the entry for the profile you've just moved. Change the Path= line to the new location. If you are using a non-relative pathname, the direction of the slashes may be relevant (this is true for Windows XP).
5. Change IsRelative=1 to IsRelative=0.
6. Save profiles.ini and restart Thunderbird.

Generic Host Process for Win32 Service Error for Edge Modem

A few days ago, while i was surfing the web, an error occurred and it disconnected me from the internet. So i restarted my pc and after that i've been getting this annoying error everytime my computer is turned on and connected to internet for about 5 or 12 mins and the error message appears and it disconnects me from the internet, MSN , IRC and browser too and couldnt reconnect again. So i restart my pc everytime i get that error, was too lazy to fix it. hehehe! I got really mad about that problem and i started to work on my other pc with the same connection, not even half an hour, the annoying error popped on that even! So finally i thought of fixing that.

I met few people who got the same annoying error and some people told its a virus or something. So i scaned my pc with NOD32, Ad-aware SE , Spyware Doctor which are update-to-date, but it didnt detect any virus or anything. Some people have formatted their pc, but still the annoying error appears. I was so desperated and finally one of my friend came with a solution for this and since there are many people who got this old annoying error and also it keeps increasing day by day. So i've decided to post about this so people who got this problem can fix it without getting mad ;)
All you got to do is, close the so called port 135 & 445

To close it, do the following steps:

1. Open Registry Editor by going to Start>Run and in the box type: regedit.exe and press OK.

2. Now, from the Registry Editor, go to Edit>Find or Ctrl+F and write "TransportBindName" in the box without the quotation mark. It may take few mins to search. This value can be found in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\NetBT\Parameters

3. Double-click on that value and delete the default value in the box and press OK.

4. Find the value "EnableDCOM" which can be found in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Ole

5. Double-click on that value and set the value in the box as 'N' which currently maybe set as 'Y'.

6. Close the Registry Editor and restart your pc.

You can also download Windows Worms Doors Cleaner (WWDC) and close 135, 445 and NetBIOS (if necessary) or all the ports, but by disabling only 135 & 445 my pc seems to be normal without formatting my pc. One of my friend told this problem can be fixed by a patch from Microsoft and by using a registry cleaner and also he told this problem can be created by a virus called w32/sbotworm which attacks those ports. That virus is detectable from McAfee and the virus maybe still trying to get around the fix and again create that same old annoying error. So you need to update windows and virus definitions.

So anyways i hope you can get out of this annoying thingy. Good luck and thankx for this great solution.

Gmail Configuration for POP up mail client

You can retrieve your Gmail messages with a client or device that supports POP, like Microsoft Outlook or Netscape Mail.

• To enable POP in Gmail:
• Sign in to Gmail.
• Click Settings at the top of any Gmail page.
• Click Forwarding and POP/IMAP.
• Select Enable POP for all mail or Enable POP for mail that arrives from now on.
• Choose the action you'd like your Gmail messages to take after they are accessed with POP. Configure your POP client* and click Save Changes.

To configure your client manually:

1. Enable POP in your Gmail account. As above
2. Open Outlook or Outlook Express.
3. Click the 'Tools' menu, and select 'Accounts...
4. Click 'Add,' and then click 'Mail...'
5. Enter your name in the 'Display name:' field, and click 'Next.'
6. Enter your full Gmail email address (username@gmail.com) in the 'Email address:' field, and click 'Next.'
7. Enter 'pop.gmail.com' in the 'Incoming mail (POP3, IMAP or HTTP) server:' field. Enter 'smtp.gmail.com' in the 'Outgoing mail (SMTP) server:' field.
8. Click 'Next.'
9. Enter your Gmail username (including '@gmail.com') in the 'Account name:' field. Enter your Gmail password in the 'Password:' field, and click 'Next.'
10. Click 'Finish.'
11. Highlight 'pop.gmail.com' under 'Account,' and click 'Properties.'
12. Click the 'Advanced' tab.
13. Check the box next to 'This server requires a secure connection (SSL)' under 'Outgoing Mail (SMTP).'
14. Enter '465' in the 'Outgoing mail (SMTP):' field.
15. Check the box next to 'This server requires a secure connection (SSL)' under 'Incoming mail (POP3).' The port will change to 995.
    *The order of 'Outgoing' and 'Incoming' mail server fields varies by version. Make sure you enter the correct information in each field.
16. Click the 'Servers' tab, and check the box next to 'My server requires authentication.'
17. Click 'OK.'

Congratulations! You're done configuring your client to send and retrieve Gmail messages.

* Did you click 'Save Changes' after enabling POP in Gmail? To ensure that Gmail can communicate with your mail client, be sure to click 'Save Changes' on the 'Forwarding and POP' tab in your Gmail settings.

Solving Network problem for LAN

1. Check the IP addresses of the two computers that cannot connect to each other. They should be in the same subnet, i.e. the first three (or two or one, depending on the subnet mask) numbers should be identical. A particular cause can be Internet Connection Sharing (ICS), because enabling this changes the IP address to 192.168.0.1. All other computers should be set to obtain their IP addresses automatically (through DHCP) and may have to be rebooted.
2. Change Workgroup or domain
3. Run the network setup wizard from Start --> Programs ---> Accessories --> Communication --> Network setup wizard
4. Try with ping and ipconfig commands for checking uniqueness of IP Address and name (e.g. ping 192.168.175.12)
5. Install Client for Microsoft Networks, Install Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), Install File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks if not installed in LAN setting
6. Enable LAN’s Sharing Option (File, Printer etc.) from the exception TAB
7. Disable Firewall setting through Firewall option in control panel
8. use net view command (net view \\computername) for checking sharing option
9. Check whether NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled. It should be for almost all small and home networks. You can find this setting in the properties of the LAN connection. Double-click on the Internet protocol (TCP/IP), click on the Advanced button in the lower right, click on the WINS tab and activate Netbios over TCP/IP. You can later test whether the Standard setting is sufficient and use that if it works. A more detailed description can be found in the chapter "Netbios over TCP/IP".
10. Make sure the computer browser service is running in the services option (Control panel --> Administrative Tools --> Services) . If you have to start it, reboot both computers.
11. To enable the network Guest account on XP Home and Pro, click Start, click Run, type: net user guest /active:yes, and hit Enter.
12. Ensure there is no password for the Guest account: click Start, click Run, type: control userpasswords2, and hit Enter. Click once on Guest, click Reset Password, and then click OK without entering a new password.
13. There are two registry keys to check on XP that have the potential to cause network headaches. The first is: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/System/CurrentControlSet/Control/Lsa
14. Ensure that restrictanonymous is set to 0. Ignore the restrictanonymoussam entry that looks similar and may also appear.

If all the above procedure fails then for resetting network use the following commands and reconfigure the network as before:

1. Repair the Winsock with the command: netsh winsock reset (This removes all third party Layered Service Providers—LSPs.)
2. Repair the IP stack with the Repair command or with the command: "netsh int ip reset c:\resetlog.txt" without the quotes.